Journal of Advances in Medical Education & Professionalism

Original Article

1. A new method of recording attendance improves the academic performance of medical students

HIMEL MONDAL; KOUSHIK SAHA; SHAIKAT MONDAL; PIYALI SAHA; SAIRAVI KIRAN BIRI

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 55-60

Abstract

Introduction: Students’ engagement during the collection ofattendance (SEdCA) is a method where students write the answerto a question related to the topic of preceding 1-h lecture. ... Read More

Original Article

2. A novel model of clinical reasoning: Cognitive zipper model

SHAHRAM YAZDANI; MARYAM HOSEINI ABARDEH

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 61-71

Abstract

Introduction: Clinical reasoning is a vital aspect of physiciancompetence. It has been the subject of academic research fordecades, and various models of clinical reasoning have beenproposed. ... Read More Introduction: Clinical reasoning is a vital aspect of physiciancompetence. It has been the subject of academic research fordecades, and various models of clinical reasoning have beenproposed. The aim of the present study was to develop a theoreticalmodel of clinical reasoning.Methods: To conduct our study, we applied the process of theorysynthesis in accordance with the Walker and Avant’s approach.First, we considered clinical reasoning as a focal concept of ourstudy. Second, a search was carried out for the period 1984–2018, using the PubMed, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, ERIC,ScienceDirect and Web of Science databases to review theliterature to identify factors related to the clinical reasoning andthe nature of their relationships. Third, we organized clinicalreasoning into an integrated and efficient representation of theclinical reasoning.Results: According to this study clinical reasoning is the iterativeprocess of intermediation between the recalled clinical knowledgeand the patient’s represented problem in the clinicians’ activememory. We analogize the process of clinical reasoning to theprocess of closure of a cognitive zipper. The recalled knowledgein clinician’s memory resembles to one side of zippers teeth andthe evolving representation of the patient’s problem resemblesthe other side of zippers teeth. So, the results of this study arepresented in three models: [1] multi-layer knowledge structuremodel, [2] problem representation model and [3] cognitive zippermodel of diagnostic reasoning. Conclusion: We propose a developmental model of clinicalreasoning. Several studies have tried to present models andtheories to clarify clinical reasoning, but it seems that thesetheories and models could only explain part of this complexprocess and not the whole process. Cognitive zipper model, dueto its developmental structure, can illustrate the clinical reasoningprocess in more details than other models do.

Original Article

3. Barriers of critical thinking in medical students’ curriculum from the viewpoint of medical education experts: A qualitative study

AFSHINEH KASALAEI; MITRA AMINI; PARISA NABEIEI; LEILA BAZRAFKAN; HOURI MOUSAVINEZHAD

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 72-82

Abstract

Introduction: The widespread developments of the twentyfirstcentury have been accompanied by the presentation ofintellectual patterns and theories and new achievements. Thesenew achievements ... Read More Introduction: The widespread developments of the twentyfirstcentury have been accompanied by the presentation ofintellectual patterns and theories and new achievements. Thesenew achievements emphasize the skill of thinking at high levels,especially in the educational system of universities. This skillis essential for medical students; therefore, the present studyaimed to investigate the qualitative barriers of critical thinking inmedical students’ curriculum.Methods: This is a qualitative study in which the content analysismethod has been used. Participants of this study included 11medical education experts and medical students (6 females and 5males) who were selected through a semi-structured interview andpurposeful sampling. The data analysis method was conventionalcontent analysis. In the next part, by more investigation of thedata, various obtained concepts will be presented in the form ofthemes, categories, and subcategories.Results: We obtained two themes (socio-cultural conditions andtraditional and unchanging system of education), eight categoriesand 14 subcategories.Also, these categories were resistance tocritical society, intellectual tension, personality characteristics,lack of understanding of society’s need for criticism, the ruleof traditional teaching pattern, lack of critical thinking skills,ineffective evaluation, and difficulty of critical thinking training. Conclusion: Given the results and the main emphasis ofcurriculum planners on incorporating high-level critical thinkingand revision skills into the curriculum, the country’s academiceducation system requires a change in the thinking style,research, deepening critical thinking, and a change in teachers’attitudes toward curriculum designing (goals, content, teachingand evaluation methods); also, it is suggested that the authoritiesshould pay attention to the need to develop and utilize criticalthinking skills in the learners’ education.

Original Article

4. Academic procrastination of medical students: The role of Internet addiction

ALI ASGHAR HAYAT; JAVAD KOJURI; MITRA AMINI

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 83-89

Abstract

Introduction: The internet is an essential and widely used toolfor college students; however, high internet dependency can havenegative consequences for students, especially regarding ... Read More Introduction: The internet is an essential and widely used toolfor college students; however, high internet dependency can havenegative consequences for students, especially regarding academiccareers. Such students may tend to postpone their academic tasks.Hence, the current study examines the effect of Internet addictionon academic procrastination among medical students.Methods: We applied a cross-sectional correlational researchdesign. 233 medical students of Shiraz University of MedicalSciences were selected through convenience sampling andparticipated in this study. To collect the data, we used two validand reliable questionnaires. The first was Young’s Internetaddiction questionnaire (IAT-20), which consists of 20 itemsbased on a 5-point Likert-type scale. The second was Solomonand Rothblum academic procrastination questionnaire, whichconsists of 18 items based on a 5 point Likert-type scale. We usedPearson correlation, independent T-test, and One-Way ANOVA toanalyze the data in SPSS version 22, and considered a significancelevel of P<0.05. Results: Results showed that 57.1% of the respondents werefemales, and the remaining were males. Findings indicated that8 (3.43%) of the participants were classiﬁed as severe internetaddicted,and 28.85% of them had a high level of academicprocrastination. The results indicated that there was a positive andsignificant correlation between Internet addiction and academicprocrastination (r=0.39, with P<0.01). Also, there was a positivecorrelation between academic procrastination dimensions (writinga term paper, studying for an exam, keeping up with weeklyreading assignments, performing administrative tasks, attendingmeetings and performing academic tasks in general) and Internetaddiction (r=0.22, r=0.32, r=0.21, r=0.29, r=0.33, and r=0.23,respectively, with P<0.01). Finally, the results revealed that malestudents and those living in the dormitory had a higher level ofInternet addiction and procrastination compared to female onesand those living at home (P<0.01).Conclusion: The findings of the current research reveal that aconsiderable number of students have levels of Internet addictionand procrastination; the study highlights that students with highlevels of Internet addiction are more likely to be at an increased riskof negative outcomes such as insufﬁciently controlled Internet use.

Original Article

5. Motivating medical students for social accountability in medical schools

MAHBOOBEH MOHAMMADI; MEHDI BAGHERI; PARIVASH JAFARI; LEILA BAZRAFKAN

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 90-99

Abstract

Introduction: As health professionals, physicians are accountablefor their professional practice. The aim of this study was to explainthe medical students’ motivation to attain ... Read More

Letter to Editor

6. Being a departmental head – what does it mean? Emphasizing the salience and shades in medical academia

S.S.S.N RAJASEKHAR; DINESH KUMAR. V

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 105-106

Abstract

Dear Editor, When an academician or clinician assumes the chair of department, multiple responsibilities dawn upon the chair that requires appropriate analysis and effective decision-making ... Read More

Journal of Advances in Medical Education & Professionalism

Articles in Press

Current Issue

Volume 8 (2020)

Volume 7 (2019)

Volume 6 (2018)

Volume 5 (2017)

Volume 4 (2016)

Volume 3 (2015)

Volume 2 (2014)

Volume 1 (2013)

Current Issue: Volume 8, Issue 2, April 2020, Pages 55-106

1. A new method of recording attendance improves the academic performance of medical students

Abstract

2. A novel model of clinical reasoning: Cognitive zipper model

Abstract

3. Barriers of critical thinking in medical students’ curriculum from the viewpoint of medical education experts: A qualitative study

Abstract

4. Academic procrastination of medical students: The role of Internet addiction

Abstract

5. Motivating medical students for social accountability in medical schools

Abstract

6. Being a departmental head – what does it mean? Emphasizing the salience and shades in medical academia

Abstract