Journal of Advances in Medical Education & Professionalism

Early clinical exposure program in learning renal physiology

ARMAN DEHGHAN; MITRA AMINI; MOHAMMAD MAHDI SAGHEB; SEYED MOSTAFA SHIDMOOSAVI; PARISA NABEIEI

Volume 5, Issue 4 , October 2017, , Pages 172-176

Abstract

Introduction: Teaching renal physiology for undergraduatemedical students in an understandable way using methods whichimprove their deep learning has always been a problem. In thisstudy, ... Read More Introduction: Teaching renal physiology for undergraduatemedical students in an understandable way using methods whichimprove their deep learning has always been a problem. In thisstudy, Early Clinical Exposure (ECE) was used in teaching renalphysiology for the second year medical students in Shiraz MedicalSchool. This article aims to introduce and develop this programand also measure the attitude of medical students toward ECE inlearning renal physiology.Methods: This is a mixed method study conducted on 120 secondyear undergraduate students. After performing the course, bothqualitative and quantitative methods were used for measuring theviewpoints of the students. In the qualitative part, 10 high rankmedical students were selected. These students participated inbrain storming sessions to express their opinion about the programbased on the strengths and weaknesses. For trustworthiness of thequalitative part, member check and peer check were done. In thequantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used basedon the objectives of the program in a 4 point Likert scale. Thevalidity of questionnaire was determined by medical educationexperts and reliability was determined after a pilot study.Results: Based on the results of the quantitative part of the study,98 percent of the students stated that the ECE program wasgenerally a useful program. In the qualitative part, the students’comments were obtained. The benefits of the program weresummarized in 4 main themes. These themes are “understandingof renal physiology”, “Integration of basic and clinical knowledge”,“Improvement of attitude toward importance of physiology”, and“encouragement to study”. In response to the questions aboutnegetive aspects of this program in qualitative part, the two mainthemes were insufficient time and large grup size.Conclusion: Students reported that ECE was useful, but theystated that they needed to have more encounter with patientsand more hospital teaching. The results also reveal that this ECEprogram is an excellent approach to strengthen learning in adifficult subject like renal physiology. This approach is adjustableto other basic science topics and subjects as well.Keywords: Early clinical exposure; Integration; Learning

Fourth year medical students’ reflective writing on “death of Ivan Ilych: a qualitative study

MAHSHID ZOHOURI; MITRA AMINI; MOHAMMAD MEHDI SAGHEB

Volume 5, Issue 2 , April 2017, , Pages 73-77

Abstract

Introduction: Medical students should be familiar with the endof life ethical issues and its considerations. For teaching end oflife care to medical students, literature is a source ... Read More Introduction: Medical students should be familiar with the endof life ethical issues and its considerations. For teaching end oflife care to medical students, literature is a source of excellentnarratives of patients with experiences of terminally ill conditionin their journey through suffering and one of the most favouritebioethics literature readings has been the death of Ivan Ilych byTolstoy. We used this novel to show medical students end of lifeevents and suffering and asked them to write a reflective essayon it. We aimed to find what students think about terminally illpatients and their journey to death.Methods: In an inductive qualitative content analysis model, 350essays, collected by homogenous sampling, were analyzed. Thefourth year medical students were provided with the Death of IvanIlych novel to read. They were asked to write a reflection essaybased on the reflective stages defined by Sandars. These essaysserved as the unit of analysis, each being read several times and acoding model was formed according to main topics. The relatedconcepts in each unit were named as themes and each theme wasabstracted to a code and the related codes were compared anddeveloped as categories.Results: Qualitative content analysis of 350 essays of fourth yearmedical students revealed three major categories in students’reflection on reading Death of Ivan Ilych as an end of life humanbody. These included: 1) Emotional experience, 2) Empathy andeffective communication, 3) Spirituality and dignity. Analysisof essays showed that this reflection activity may help medicalstudents have a deeper idea of the end of life situation and feelings.Conclusion: This project suggests that literature can be used asan example to introduce new ethical concepts to less experiencedmedical trainees. The students acquired the concept of the storyand reflected the major aspects of the suffering of a human beingin their essays. Having used and evaluated the effect of literatureon facilitating ethical insight in the teaching end of life care, westrongly recommend this method and specially the novella, Deathof Ivan Ilych.Keywords: Education; Death; Medical students; Qualitative study

Comparison of residents’ approaches to clinical decisions before and after the implementation of Evidence Based Medicine course

ZAHRA KARIMIAN; JAVAD KOJOURI; MOHAMMAD MAHDI SAGHEB; ALI MAHBOUDI; MAHBOOBEH SABER; MITRA AMINI; MOHAMMAD REZA DEHGHANI

Volume 2, Issue 4 , October 2014, , Pages 170-175

Abstract

Introduction: It has been found that the decision-making process in medicine is affected, to a large extent, by one’s experience, individual mentality, previous models, and common ... Read More Introduction: It has been found that the decision-making process in medicine is affected, to a large extent, by one’s experience, individual mentality, previous models, and common habitual approaches, in addition to scientific principles. Evidence-based medicine is an approach attempting to reinforce scientific, systematic and critical thinking in physicians and provide the ground for optimal decision making. In this connection, the purpose of the present study is to find out to what extent the education of evidence based medicine affects clinical decision making.Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was carried out on 110clinical residents, who started their education in September, 2012 and finally 62 residents filled out the questionnaires. The instrument used was a researchermade questionnaire containing items on four decision-making approaches. The questionnaire was used both as a pre-test and a post-test to assess the residents’ viewpoints on decision making approaches. The validity of the questionnaire was determined using medical education and clinical professionals’ viewpoints, and the reliability was calculated through Chronbach alpha; it was found to be 0.93. The results were analyzed by paired t-test using SPSS, version 14.Results: The results demonstrated that evidence-based medicine workshopsignificantly affected the residents’ decision-making approaches (p<0.001).The pre-test showed that principles-based, reference-based and routinemodel-based approaches were more preferred before the program (p<0.001). However, after the implementation of the program, the dominant approaches used by the residents in their decision making were evidence-based ones.Conclusion: To develop the evidence-based approach, it is necessary foreducational programs to continue steadily and goal-orientedly. In addition, the equipment infrastructure such as the Internet, access to data bases, scientific data, and clinical guides should develop more in the medical departments.Keywords: Clinical, Evidence-based medicine, Decision making, Resident

The students' intentions and satisfaction with the field of study and university

ALI NOORAFSHAN; SAEEDEH POURAHMAD; MOHAMMAD MAHDI SAGHEB; ALI DEHGHANINAZHVANI; ALI DEHSHAHRI; MANIJEH ABDOLLAHI; ZEYNAB MOHEBBI; ZAHRA KESHTKARAN; AFSANEH AHMADI; SOMAYEH KAVOUSIPOUR; FARIBA FARAHMAND; HAMIDREZA KHORRAMI; ROBABEH SOLTANI; SAIED KARBALAY DOUST

Volume 2, Issue 4 , October 2014, , Pages 176-182

Abstract

Introduction: The present study aimed to find an appropriate method toinform senior high school students to correctly select their academic field ofstudy and their intentions.Methods: ... Read More Introduction: The present study aimed to find an appropriate method toinform senior high school students to correctly select their academic field ofstudy and their intentions.Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional study. A verifiedquestionnaire was given to a total of 2600 students selected by stratified random sampling method (ten different colleges and entrance year from the 1st to 4th are considered as the strata). The position of the present field of study (major) among the list of the fields in the entrance exam was asked. The students’ methods of familiarity with different fields of study in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS), the reasons for their selection, the students’ motivation and insistence on studying in the same field and university were asked in the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using independent two samples t-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Chi-Square test.Results: The most significant references for university field selection were high school teachers, the students' parents and the adjacency of university to one's living place. Also, the results revealed the good reputation of SUMS in the first year and its downward trend during the following years. 59.4% of the 1st year students were satisfied with their field of study and SUMS. 31.8% were satisfied with the university but not with their fields of study. 6.4% were dissatisfied with the university but not with their fields of study. 2% of the students were dissatisfied with both their fields of study and university. Dissatisfaction with SUMS and field of study increased little by little so that the results obtained among the students who had entered the university earlier (in the 4th year of their study) showed nearly 16.3% dissatisfaction with both the university and the study fields .Conclusion: The methods for introducing the university are recommended tobe revised.Keywords: Medical student, Intention, Satisfaction

Evaluation of the consultation program in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

RITA REZAEE; PARISA NABEIEI; MOHAMMAD MAHDI SAGHEB

Volume 2, Issue 1 , January 2014, , Pages 27-32

Abstract

Introduction: Consultation and guidance is a process of learning which is donethrough the relationship between two individuals. In this mutual relationship,the counselor, through his ... Read More

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Author = SAGHEB,%20MOHAMMAD%20MEHDI

Early clinical exposure program in learning renal physiology

Abstract

Fourth year medical students’ reflective writing on “death of Ivan Ilych: a qualitative study

Abstract

Comparison of residents’ approaches to clinical decisions before and after the implementation of Evidence Based Medicine course

Abstract

The students' intentions and satisfaction with the field of study and university

Abstract

Evaluation of the consultation program in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Abstract