Journal of Advances in Medical Education & Professionalism

Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education: A Meta-Synthesis of Potentials and Pitfalls of ChatGPT

AHMAD KEYKHA; BEHESHTEH FAZLALI; SARA BEHRAVESH; ZOHREH FARAHMANDPOUR

Volume 13, Issue 3 , July 2025, , Pages 155-172

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2024.104617.2071

Abstract

Introduction: ChatGPT serves as a double-edged sword in education, offering either constructive information or potential challenges. Its impact ranges from being a transformative tool ... Read More Introduction: ChatGPT serves as a double-edged sword in education, offering either constructive information or potential challenges. Its impact ranges from being a transformative tool to a disruptive force, making it difficult to evaluate its educational efficacy comprehensively. In light of this complexity, the primary aim of this research was to investigate the opportunities and challenges associated with the integration of ChatGPT into the domain of medical education.Methods: The study utilized the Interaction Equivalency Theorem as its conceptual framework to guide the investigation. To achieve the research objectives, a meta-synthesis of the literature wasconducted to systematically integrate the findings of selected studies. Data collection involved comprehensive searches across specialized academic databases, including Science Direct, Springer, ERIC, Emerald, SAGE, Wiley Online Library, PubMed, and Google Scholar, focusing on publications from 2022 to 2024. 88 articles were meticulously selected based on their relevanceto the research topic. The data were then subjected to thematic analysis, facilitating the extraction of key insights and patterns to address the study objectives.Results: The findings were organized into four primary subthemes highlighting the opportunities presented by ChatGPT in medical education. These sub-themes encompassed benefits for educators, learners, curriculum development, and the learning process. Similarly, the challenges related to the integration of ChatGPT were categorized into four primary sub-themes: addressing the difficulties experienced by educators, learners, curriculum development, and the learning process. Together, these challenges were further delineated into 11 secondary sub-themes,offering a comprehensive analysis of the complexities involved.Conclusion: The findings suggest that improving educational efficiency, assisting with self-development, enhancing communication skills, creating and expanding curriculum, and improving the learning environment are opportunities for utilizing ChatGPT. The study outcomes also reveal that lack of technological knowledge, negative attitudes, reduction in education quality, diminishing students’ capabilities, reducing learning quality, flaws in learning development, difficulties in designing educational content, and bias in learning evaluation are challenges of applying ChatGPT in medical education.

Intelligent Assessment Systems in Medical Education: A Systematic Review

MAJID ALIZADEH; MARYAM JAFAR SAMERI

Volume 13, Issue 3 , July 2025, , Pages 173-190

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2024.104560.2068

Abstract

Introduction: Using Intelligent Assessment Systems (IAS) in medical education has garnered attention as an advanced tool for enhancing educational processes and student evaluation. ... Read More Introduction: Using Intelligent Assessment Systems (IAS) in medical education has garnered attention as an advanced tool for enhancing educational processes and student evaluation. These systems leverage advanced algorithms to rapidly assess the students’ performance and learning progress. This systematic review aimed to examine the role and impact of Intelligent Assessment Systems in improving educational processes, academic evaluation, and learning progress in medical students compared to traditional assessment methods.Methods: This study was conducted using the PRISMA framework for reporting systematic review articles. Databases such as Embase, PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Scopus up to March 2024 were reviewed using relevant keywords. Eligible articles were selected and evaluated based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Out of 2741 articles identified, 10 studies were selected for final analysis. This systematic review analyzed 10 studies, demonstrating that interactive assessment systems (IAS) can enhance learning outcomes by up to 40% in certain settings. The findings emphasized the benefits of immediate feedback and reduced instructor workload. The significant role of IAS in enhancing student performance, providing immediate feedback and reducing the workload of instructors was indicated. These systems, through the use of machine learning algorithms and virtual reality simulators, enable more accurate and comprehensive assessment of students’ clinical and cognitive skills.Conclusion: Intelligent Assessment Systems (IAS) significantly improve educational processes and academic evaluation by providing immediate and precise feedback, enhancing student self-efficacy and self-awareness and reducing the training time and costs. The successful implementation of IAS requires careful system design, user training, and continuous technical support. Further studies are recommended to explore the advantages and challenges of these systems and to optimize their implementation in medical education. The long-term impacts of IAS and scalability across educational contexts require further studies. In conclusion, IAS offers transformative potential in medical education globally, provided that challenges are addressed.

The Role of Short Videos in Medical Training: Student Feedback and an Experiential Learning Perspective

DEEPIKA VELUSAMI; SHIVAYOGAPPA S TELI; KRISHNAMURTHY SOUNDARIYA; SENTHAMIL SELVI K; MANGANI MANGALAVALLI S

Volume 13, Issue 3 , July 2025, , Pages 249-253

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2024.103929.2036

Abstract

Introduction: Medical education is shifting from traditional didactic lectures to student-centered interacting learning methodologies. Experiential learning, through the usage of multimedia ... Read More Introduction: Medical education is shifting from traditional didactic lectures to student-centered interacting learning methodologies. Experiential learning, through the usage of multimedia tools, has proven effective in enhancing engagement and learning outcomes. Kolb’s experiential learning theory was applied. The study explored the use of student-created videos as an experiential learning tool in first-year MBBS Physiology course. The aim of the study was to evaluate the experiential learning experience of the medical undergraduate students through their feedback.Methods: The educational interventional study was conducted at Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, India, from October 2021 to May 2022. All students of 2022 batch, that is, 150 first year MBBS students were divided into 30 small groups with 5 members in each group. Under the guidance of faculty members, the groups created short videos on the assigned physiological concepts, which were uploaded in Learning Management System (LMS)for peer and faculty review. A 15-day period was given for video preparation. A pre-designed 10 questions, Likert scale questionnaire, based on Kirkpatrick’s Model (Level 1), was used to collect data about the students’ learning experience. Open-ended questions were also administered. The questionnaire was validated by experts, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.98, ensuring its reliability. Quantitative data were analyzed using OpenEpi version 7.0, measuring the consensus score, and manual content analysis was performed on open-ended responses.Results: From 150 students, 30 videos were successfully submitted. The mean age of the participants was 18.23±0.87 years. Based on the consensus score for the feedback obtained by 138 students, it is reported that 84.22% of students felt more confident in their understanding of the physiological concepts they worked on, and 81.97% gave feedback that the video-making process allowed them to explore their topic deeply. The feedback highlighted the development of essential skills, including critical thinking, communication, and teamwork, with 79.82% recommending this method for future batches. Challenges included are the time-consumingnature of the task and a lack of technical knowledge about video editing software. The consensus analysis indicated strong agreement, reflecting positive reception. This study aligns with Kolb’s experiential learning theory, as students were engaged in all stages of the learning cycle—concrete experience (video creation), reflective observation (peer and faculty feedback), abstract conceptualization (topic research and content structuring), and active experimentation (video sharing and refinement).Conclusion: Student-created videos proved to be successful experiential learning strategy, enhancing both cognitive and practical skills. The activity promoted deeper engagement, critical thinking and facilitated deeper learning of the concepts. Despite few challenges, the method shows promise for wider adoption in medical curricula, supporting the ongoing transition to more interactive and student-centered learning approaches.

“Learning to Learn” – A workshop-based approach for enhancing learning skills of the first-year medical undergraduates

DEEPIKA VELUSAMI; SOUNDARIYA KRISHNAMURTHY

Volume 13, Issue 2 , April 2025, , Pages 117-122

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2025.105025.2093

Abstract

Introduction: “Competency Based Medical Education” in the Indian undergraduate medical curriculum has demanded the medical students to be “Competent learners” ... Read More Introduction: “Competency Based Medical Education” in the Indian undergraduate medical curriculum has demanded the medical students to be “Competent learners” in addition to other explicit roles expressed by the regulatory body. Fostering the learning skills plays a major role in helping to attain clinical competence. Hence, this study aimed to implement and evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive “Workshop on Learning Skills” organized for the first-year medical undergraduates.Methods: A mixed-method study was carried out by the Medical Education Unit. Based on purposive sampling, 100 first-year undergraduates were included as the study participants. Aninteractive, activity-oriented workshop on the “Learning skills module” was conducted for the participants in small groups on textbook reading, note-taking, presentation skills, interpretation ofillustrations, and enhancing memory. The reaction of the learners and the retro-pre-evaluation of the learning skills were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Dennis-Congo’s studyskills inventory was administered before and readministered 10 months after the workshop. Quantitative data were analysed with Mean±SD, and a cluster analysis with frequency count was done for qualitative data.Results: Around 57% of the participants rated the workshop as “excellent”. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) in the mean scores of the “Retro-Pre evaluation” on textbook reading, note-taking, presentation skills, interpretation of illustrations, and enhancing memory. However, there was no significant difference in Dennis Congo Study Skills Inventory scores. Students expressed practical difficulties in applying the learning strategies and demanded reinforcement and follow-up sessions to induce a strong behavioural change.Conclusion: The workshop-based approach in instilling learning skills is well received by the students. However, behavioural changes strongly demand reinforcement and follow-up sessions.

Analyzing the Trends and Drivers Influencing Future Leadership in Medical Education in Iran

SAREH MEHNI; REZA DEHNAVIEH TIJANG; MOHAMMAD HASAN KESHAVARZI; SEYED ALIAKBAR FAGHIHI; SOOLMAZ ZARE

Volume 13, Issue 2 , April 2025, , Pages 134-148

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2025.103897.2029

Abstract

Introduction: A key challenge for policymakers in medical education lies in grasping the future landscape of leadership. Without insights into emerging trends, they may face unforeseen ... Read More Introduction: A key challenge for policymakers in medical education lies in grasping the future landscape of leadership. Without insights into emerging trends, they may face unforeseen issues, leading to expensive and inefficient decision-making. This study aimed at analyzing the trends and drivers influencing future leadership in medical education in Iran.Methods: In this research, we employed a descriptiveexploratory approach This study consists of systematic reviews and interviews that have been analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling with the help of MicMac software (version 6.1.2, 2003/2004: 3IE/EPITA, France). We conducted a systematic review according to PRISMA. A literature search was performed using databases including Medline, Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertation & Theses, Scopus Embase, and Persian studies from SID, and Magiran. The inclusion criteria for the study were the articles which needed to contain one or more listed keywords, were published in a scientific journal, were written in English or Persian, were published between 2004 and 2024, had the full text available, and focused on educational leadership in medical schools. Additionally, interviews were conducted with 14 Iranian experts to pinpoint influential components. To be included, experts possessed relevant education in medical education, health policy, or higher education management; occupied an executive or managerial position in higher health education or health policy; had more than 15 years of work experience, and were willing to participate in the study. Afterward, the codes were presented in a focus group discussion of experts to define how extracted drivers would affect leadership in medical education in Iran.Results: We identified 6081 articles in the initial literature search; 17 met inclusion criteria for final review. The study identified 37 drivers in medical education management and leadership. Thesedrivers were categorized into four types: effective drivers (3), impressionable drivers (3), autonomous drivers (16), and bimodal drivers (15). Among these, the components of meritocracyin selecting managers and international relations within the education sector had the most significant impact.Conclusion: By understanding and planning around these influential and susceptible components, managers, and policymakers can gain foresight. This foresight can enhance the effectiveness of current decisions and activities, enabling a more desirable future. This can be achieved by systematically improving decision-making processes, revising procedures, and developing appropriate strategies in medical education leadership.

Exploring the Transformative Potential of Learning Analytics in Medical Education: A Systematic Review

EHSAN TOOFANINEJAD; SHANE DAWSON; SOMAYE SOHRABI; MASOMEH KALANTARION

Volume 13, Issue 1 , January 2025, , Pages 12-24

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2024.103973.2034

Abstract

Introduction: Learning Analytics (LA) has emerged as a potent tool in medical education, offering data-driven insights and personalized support to learners. This systematic review aims ... Read More

Developing a Mobile Application-based System for Enhancing Medical Skill Training

TING-SHENG WENG; XUAN-REN CHEN

Volume 13, Issue 1 , January 2025, , Pages 25-35

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2024.103650.2019

Abstract

Introduction: In a regional hospital in Southern Taiwan, an average of 25 heart surgeries are performed annually, with surgical education conducted one-on-one. This indicates thatopportunities ... Read More Introduction: In a regional hospital in Southern Taiwan, an average of 25 heart surgeries are performed annually, with surgical education conducted one-on-one. This indicates thatopportunities for paramedics to participate in surgical procedures are quite limited. Although 80 paramedics in the hospital can perform surgical procedures, 69 have more than two years ofexperience, and only 19 are selected by surgeons to perform surgical procedures. Consequently, paramedics without hands-on experience are likely to feel panicked and helpless.Methods: The present study employed a systematic software development approach to create a mobile application-based medical skill training system. Initially, we conducted a comprehensiveneeds analysis through in-depth interviews with cardiac surgery nurses and administrators to accurately identify the key training requirements. In the system architecture design phase, we chose Windows Server as the operating system, combined PHP and Apache to handle web service requests, used MariaDB for data storage and management, and applied FastAPI to facilitate dataexchange with other services. Client-side development utilized the Flutter framework, ensuring a consistent user experience across iOS and Android platforms.Results: We also designed complex data structures to accommodate testing and recording needs, including exam data, question types, and option records. For user flow implementation, we developed a complete process including user registration, subject management, test preparation, and evaluation. Finally, we implemented core functionalities such as the login interface, question selection, and test interface to ensure the system’s comprehensiveness and practicality. This multi-stage development approach aimed to create an efficient, user-friendly, and adaptive training platform to meet the specific needs of cardiac surgery nursing staff.Conclusion: The development and implementation of the mobile application-based system for enhancing medical skill training has demonstrated significant potential in addressing the challenges of paramedics in cardiac surgery settings. While the initial results are promising, further long-term studies are needed to assess the impact on actual surgical outcomes and patient care quality.

Evolving Assessment in Medical Education: Exploring the Role of Open-Book Examinations

YASAR AHMED; SIMAA KHAYAL; MAJED WADI; MOHAMED ABUZAID

Volume 12, Issue 4 , October 2024, , Pages 215-225

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2024.102078.1955

Abstract

Introduction: The landscape of medical education has witnessed significant transformations over the past decades, particularly with the advent of active teaching methodologies. However, ... Read More Introduction: The landscape of medical education has witnessed significant transformations over the past decades, particularly with the advent of active teaching methodologies. However, despite these advancements, the traditional theoretical assessment methods have remained largely unchanged. This lack of evolution in assessment systems poses a challenge as it is crucial for assessment methods to evolve in tandem with teaching approaches to ensure a comprehensive and effective learning process in medical education. This paper reviews the integration and effectiveness of open-book examinations (OBEs) in medical education, reflecting their growing significance.Methods: An integrative review of the literature was conducted, drawing from a range of relevant publications over the last decade, sourced from databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ERIC. The inclusion criteria focused on full-text articles in English, with search terms including “medicine,” “assessment,” “open book examination,” “open book exam,” and “open book assessment,” combined using Boolean operators. Thirteen publications were selected and critically appraised using The Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist.Results: The analysis identified three primary thematic categories: “Teaching Strategy for Pandemic and Challenging Conditions,” “Tool of Learning & Educational Impact”, and “Operational Challenges & Future Directions”. These themes were explored to understand the role and impact of open-book examinations in medical education.Conclusion: The findings indicate that open-book examinations are a crucial component in the evolving landscape of medical education. While certain reservations remain, open-bookexaminations have shown significant potential in fostering critical thinking, argumentation skills, and lifelong learning among medical students. They reflect the ongoing evolution of knowledge in the medical field and contribute to the development of professionals’ adept at navigating and applying complex information. Further research is recommended to solidify these findings and expand the understanding of open-book examinations in medical education.

Expectation and Needs of Medical Students Towards the Implementation of Virtual Simulation in Learning Rational Use of Medicine

DESAK GEDE BUDI KRISNAMURTI; ARIA KEKALIH; ADISTI DWIJAYANTI; DAVID CHRISTIANTA; NICHOLAS JASON WIJAYA; JUAN FELIX SAMUDRA; PRATIWI RAHADIANI

Volume 12, Issue 4 , October 2024, , Pages 226-234

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2024.102790.2010

Abstract

Introduction: The irrational use of medicines remains prevalent globally despite education efforts, leading to decreased treatment quality and increased healthcare costs. With the rise ... Read More

Estimating Students’ Academic Success in the Preclinical Stage of Undergraduate Medical Education Using the Admission Test Approach

WIENTA DIARSVITRI; EFYLUK GARIANTO; ROOSTANTIA INDRAWATI; WIWIK SULISTIANI

Volume 12, Issue 4 , October 2024, , Pages 235-242

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2024.101936.1949

Abstract

Introduction: Medical schools face substantial challenges in objectively selecting the best applicants, and the admission process can impact medical students’ academic performance.This ... Read More

Replacing “Artificial Intelligence” with “Augmented Intelligence” for a more Informed and Responsible Use of Technology in Medical Education

KRISHNA MOHAN SURAPANENI

Volume 12, Issue 4 , October 2024, , Pages 272-273

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2024.103484.2008

Abstract

NA Read More

Study of Deep Learning in Medical Education: Opportunities, Achievements and Future Challenges

HOSSEIN MORADIMOKHLES; GWO-JEN HWANG; HOSSEIN ZANGENEH; MARYAM POURJAMSHIDI; AMIR HOSSEIN AMOOEIRAZANI

Volume 12, Issue 3 , July 2024, , Pages 148-162

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2024.99740.1853

Abstract

Introduction: In this era of progress, interest has developed regarding advancing deep learning (DL) in medicine. However, there has been reluctance to use deep learning, particularly ... Read More Introduction: In this era of progress, interest has developed regarding advancing deep learning (DL) in medicine. However, there has been reluctance to use deep learning, particularly among medical educators. The limitations of previous research were examined in this study, along with the extent to which DL can be used in medical education and its potential impact on educational quality. We were interested in discussing DL’s prospects, and determining whether we could benefit from it in medical education.Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was used to manage this review procedure. Six databases were searched carefully to obtain relevant studies. Our search identified 981 articles from the database based on our standards. After filtering the duplicated articles, 11 studies were included in the systematic review.Results: The results showed that DL applications attracted researchers’ attention in the medical and education technology owing to their effectiveness to provide the personalized assistanceand feedback. Furthermore, the majority of research concentrated on teaching medical students how to utilize DL applications in the classroom, and all of them tried to improve medical students’proficiency with DL instruments in practical applications. Deep learning components in medical learning environments have two segments—in the educational settings like speech recognitionor Video content analysis for affecting students’ learning, and in the medical settings, applying deep learning from diagnosis to prevention. An integration of them can work better in medicaleducation.Conclusion: Medical education uses DL to improve the students’ education. DL is a powerful instrument which has become more famous in terms of superb outcomes. Besides, using DL in medical education is likely to continue as a hotly debated area of research and a well-known classroom strategy.

Empowering Medical Education: Unveiling the Impact of Reflective Writing and Tailored Assessment on Deep Learning

PUJA DULLOO; NEERAJ VEDI; MINAL PATEL; SUMAN SINGH

Volume 12, Issue 3 , July 2024, , Pages 163-171

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2024.101594.1938

Abstract

Introduction: Reflective thinking offers learners insight and encourages deeper understanding by leveraging past experiences. This study explores the impact of reflective writing, a ... Read More

A Four-Axis-Method to Evaluate a Part of an Undergraduate Medical Students’ Curriculum

MONA MLIKA; SARRA CHEIKHROUHOU; ABDERRAOUF BEN MANSOUR; FAOUZI MEZNI; MOHAMED HÉDI LOUESLATI; IHEB LABBENE; MOHAMED JOUINI

Volume 12, Issue 3 , July 2024, , Pages 172-179

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2023.100837.1901

Abstract

Introduction: The evaluation of programs in faculties of medicine enables them to adequately reach their mission objectives, and social responsibilities and to correct their potential ... Read More Introduction: The evaluation of programs in faculties of medicine enables them to adequately reach their mission objectives, and social responsibilities and to correct their potential lacune. Fewpublications have described the process of internal evaluation of a program performed by the organizational members. The authors aimed to describe a practical method called the four-axis method to assess curriculum using a practical example.Methods: The authors performed a descriptive study, highlighting the application of a particular method of evaluation of a program called the four-axis method. It consisted of the assessment of the pedagogical alignment [1], teaching techniques and evaluation tests [2], students’ viewpoints and needs [3], and the teachers’ opinions and needs [4]. To contextualize this method, the authors described a practical experience of the assessment of a multidisciplinary theme (theme 16), which is taught during the second year of medical education. Was performed the evaluation from January 2020 to January 2021. The population studied consisted of the tutors implicated in the teaching of the theme and the students in the second year of medical education who accepted to answer the satisfaction questionnaires. The students and tutors who did not fill out the questionnaires were excluded. No statistical tests were needed because of the descriptive nature of the study.Results: The most relevant results highlighted that 48.4% of the teachers did not systematically use bioclinical cases involving interactions between students; also, 42.4% of the students believedthat the teaching sessions didn’t introduce practical examples giving rise to interactions between them. Therefore, the 4-axisbased analysis indicated that weaknesses were mostly attributedto the lack of homogeneity in the teaching methods and techniques which showed the teachers’ difficulties in integrating clinical data into their teaching so that they can help the students to assimilate the fundamental data.Conclusion: The authors’ used a particular approach since it focused both on an objective evaluation of the teaching methods and the evaluation tests and the students’ and teachers’ viewpoints and needs. The major limitation of this approach was the fact that itcould not integrate the educational environment that could impact the students’ performances.

What Happened to Simulation-Based Education in Outpatient Setting in The 21st Century: A Scoping Review

MARZIYEH BARZEGAR; ELHAM BOUSHEHRI; MITRA AMINI; SEYED ALIAKBAR FAGHIHI; NAHID ZARIFSANAIEY; MAHDIEH DANESHVAR

Volume 12, Issue 2 , April 2024, , Pages 69-78

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2023.100297.1885

Abstract

Introduction: Simulation-based education (SBE) is an instructional approach that aims to accurately recreate real-life scenarios and engage learners in the practical application of ... Read More Introduction: Simulation-based education (SBE) is an instructional approach that aims to accurately recreate real-life scenarios and engage learners in the practical application of lesson content. By replicating critical elements of clinical situations, SBE facilitates a deeper understanding and better preparation for managing such conditions in actual clinical practice. SBE offers promising prospects for improving medical education and patient care in various settings,such as outpatient clinics. Therefore, this scoping review aims to determine to what extent the most effective components and standards of the simulation have been considered in outpatient education.Methods: The present scoping review adheres to the guidelines outlined in the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMAScR) checklist” and the “Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Reviewers’ Manual”. This review focused on articles that specifically focused on the use of simulation in outpatient education. Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and ERIC were searched for keywords related to simulation, ambulatory care, outpatient clinics, and medical education from January 1, 2001, to August 12, 2023.Results: The search indicated 513 articles, which were narrowed down by title and abstract relatedness. Twenty-nine articles entered the study’s second phase, and after reviewing their full text, nine articles that explicitly reported simulation use in outpatient education remained. Based on the findings of eligible articles, the ten most frequent components of SBE that should be considered and followed discussed. These features were training facilitators, pre-briefing sessions, the type of simulation techniques, the site of simulation participation, the simulation duration, unit of participation, extent of direct participation, Simulation fidelity, feedback, and debriefing and reflection.Conclusion: SBE is a contemporary method of practical training for medical students that involves realistic modeling or simulation of clinical situations. It enhances learning effectiveness andprovides a safe, educational atmosphere for teaching and learning. Designing simulations adhering to established standards and carefully considering essential components improves efficiencyand effectiveness.

Core Procedural Skills to be Taught for III-Year Undergraduate Medical Students: A Modified Delphi Study

MASANAM KASI SUMATHY; ZAYABALARADJANE ZAYAPRAGASSARAZAN; DINKER RAMANANDA PAI; MUKTA WYAWAHARE

Volume 12, Issue 2 , April 2024, , Pages 88-94

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2023.100111.1873

Abstract

Introduction: While medical students are expected to learn procedural skills during their training, there is no consensus on their level of learning. Further, the most essential procedural ... Read More Introduction: While medical students are expected to learn procedural skills during their training, there is no consensus on their level of learning. Further, the most essential procedural skillsacross medical curricula which need to be taught during their III-year clinical posting are often not considered. The purpose of this study was to identify the core procedural skills needed to be taught during the III-year undergraduate medical students clinical posting.Methods: A three-round, online Modified Delphi method was used to identify consensus on selecting the most essential procedural skills prescribed in National Medical Commission(NMC) curriculum 2019. In Round 1, a list of 54 procedural skills from the National Medical Commission's (NMC) Graduate Medical Education Regulations (GMER) 2019 curriculum wasdistributed to 22 experts in pre-clinical medical education and multidisciplinary clinicians. They rated the skills in terms of importance. In Round 2, the skills that received consensus in Round 1 were presented, resulting in 13 skills for evaluation. Round 3 further narrowed down the skills to a final consensus of 6. An interclass correlation coefficient of 0.767 among experts indicates a substantial level of reliability.Results: Consensus was achieved for six procedural skills, each demonstrating over 80% agreement among the experts. These skills include basic life support, intravenous cannulation, urinary catheterization for both male and female patients, nasogastric tube insertion, oxygen administration, and basic suturing. Notably, all these skills received the highest level of agreement, surpassing 90% consensus.Conclusions: The results of the modified Delphi study offer crucial insights into the procedural skills that should be included in the curriculum for third-year undergraduate medical students during their clinical rotations in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Faculty members at these institutions differ in their opinions regarding the importance of teaching specific procedural skills, influenced by their teaching background and the student cohorts they instruct. From a comprehensive list, six skills have been pinpointed as the most vital through the modified Delphi technique. Moreover, the Delphi technique is acknowledged as a valuable method for achieving aconsensus on prioritizing the training of certifiable skills.

Exploring BAME Student Experiences in Healthcare Courses in the United Kingdom: A Systematic Review

CALLUM SINGH GREWAL; MOHAMMED BILAL KHAN; JASMIN KIRAN KAUR PANESAR; SIMAL ASHER; NAVJYOT MEHAN

Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2024, , Pages 8-17

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2023.98882.1825

Abstract

Introduction: Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic (BAME) students in healthcare-related courses are exposed to various challenging experiences compared to their White counterparts, not ... Read More

Prevalence of Persons with Disability Enrolled in Undergraduate Medical Schools in Brazil, 2019

MARIA NASCIMENTO; RHIAN TORRES; AMANDA HOROCHOVSKI; BRUNO BIRMANN; BRUNO TAKAHARA; LUIS SOUZA; KLYNSMAN RIBEIRO; BILLY MCBENEDICT

Volume 11, Issue 4 , October 2023, , Pages 205-212

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2023.99332.1840

Abstract

Introduction: The affirmative policies in Brazil guarantee the provision of undergraduate medical education to People with Disability (PWD). The objective was to estimate the prevalence ... Read More Introduction: The affirmative policies in Brazil guarantee the provision of undergraduate medical education to People with Disability (PWD). The objective was to estimate the prevalence of PWD undergraduate medical students in Brazil in 2019.Methods: This is an exploratory, descriptive study that used census data from the total population of the undergraduatemedical students (N=183,646) who were enrolled at the Brazilian medical schools, in 2019. The data are secondary, unidentified and accessed online, and were originally collected by the Higher Education Census conducted by Anísio Teixeira National Institute of Educational Studies and Research (INEP), which used a questionnaire designed to capture information from students and medical courses. The descriptive analysis was based on absolute and relative frequencies.Results: The prevalence of medical students that were PWD was 0.80% (1,460/183,646), and this includes both Brazilian and foreign students. The latter includes people from 76 different countries. Foreign students who are PWD came from eight different countries: Bolivia, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Republic of Congo, Paraguay, Philippines, Singapore and Spain. Most of the PWD were male (51.37%), aged 20 to 24 years (46.78%) and of non-white ethnicity (52.26%). Most students were enrolled in public medical schools (73.97%). A fraction of PWD students (6.51%) was enrolled in medical schools with no specific resource or assistance for PWD. The highest prevalence was the physical disability (39.11%), followed by low vision accuracy (24.45%), intellectual (15.41%), low hearing (14.11%), blindness (3.97%), multiple disabilities (2.47%) and deafness (1.51%).Conclusions: The prevalence of PWD medical students in Brazil is low, and is dominated by students with physical and sensory disabilities but lacks the deaf-blind. Despite the existence of legal regulations favoring PWD to study medicine, some medical schools have not done adequate adjustments to accommodate them. This suggests that affirmative policies for the inclusion of PWD in higher education, particularly in medicine, still need improvement.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives

MOHAMMAD MUZAFFAR MIR; GULZAR MUZAFFAR MIR; NADEEM TUFAIL RAINA; SABA MUZAFFAR MIR; SADAF MUZAFFAR MIR; ELHADI MISKEEN; MUFFARAH HAMID ALHARTHI; MOHANNAD MOHAMMAD S. ALAMRI

Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2023, , Pages 133-140

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2023.98655.1803

Abstract

Introduction: Medical education is a lifetime learning process stretching from undergraduate to postgraduate, specialty training, and beyond. It also applies to various healthcare professionals, ... Read More

Value-Rich Exposures in Medical Education; Synthesizing the Concept

LEILA AFSHAR; SHAHRAM YAZDANI; SEYED ABBAS FORUTAN; HAKIMEH SABEGHI

Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2023, , Pages 147-154

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2022.96261.1692

Abstract

Introduction: Proper transfer of professional values is an essential part of medical education. Real-life experiences in the educational process are one of the most effective methods ... Read More

Mind Mapping as a Novel Method in Teaching the Morphology of Skin Lesions: A Quasi-Experimental Study

VIJAYASANKAR PALANIAPPAN; KALIAPERUMAL KARTHIKEYAN; REENAA MOHAN

Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2023, , Pages 80-85

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2023.97240.1750

Abstract

Introduction: Mind mapping is a visual mapping technique used in a few disciplines of medical education to represent ideas linked to and arranged around a central core idea or topic ... Read More Introduction: Mind mapping is a visual mapping technique used in a few disciplines of medical education to represent ideas linked to and arranged around a central core idea or topic through different subtopics/categories. We aimed to utilize this technique to teach the undergraduate medical students the morphology of skin lesions and assess its effectiveness.Methods: This pre- and post-test quasi-experimental study was done among 144 undergraduate medical students. A total of 144 students were selected, and odd and even roll numbers were categorized into two groups using simple random sampling. Group 1 (intervention group) students were taught using mind mapping technique and Group 2 (control group) with traditional lecturebased teaching. A Computer-Assisted pre-test and post-test were carried out. A feedback questionnaire was administered to the intervention group to explore the students’ perceptions regardingmind mapping as a learning tool. The data were analysed using SPSS software (version 16), and the difference in the mean preand post-test scores was found using independent sampled-t-test.Results: Pre and post-test score distribution was 5.04±1.27 and 11.44±2.52 (P≤0.001), respectively, in the intervention group. In the control group, the pre and post-test score distributions were 4.83±1.39 and 8.04±1.63, respectively. The mean rank of the mind mapping group was higher (76.43) than the lecture group (67.5). Among the students, 97.2% agreed on the fact that mind mapping enhanced their interest in learning, and 91.7% of the students were satisfied with mind mapping as the learning method.Conclusion: To kindle the interest and develop critical thinking skills in students, faculty members should continue to explore and evaluate the efficacy of various learning and teaching strategies. Mind mapping could be a novel and integral part of conventional teaching techniques in medical education as evidenced by our student’s performances.

Applicability of Concept Maps to Assess Higher Order Thinking in the Context of Indian Medical Education: An Analytical Study in the Subject of Physiology

PRERNA AGARWAL; BHARTI BHANDARI; VIVEK GUPTA; APRAJITA PANWAR; ANJUM DATTA

Volume 11, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 24-33

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2022.95660.1653

Abstract

Introduction: Concept mapping is a multidimensional tool that has been put to little use in India. We designed this study to check its applicability for assessing higher-order thinking ... Read More Introduction: Concept mapping is a multidimensional tool that has been put to little use in India. We designed this study to check its applicability for assessing higher-order thinking in the subject of Physiology.Methods: This interventional analytical study was carried out among 65 students of Phase I of MBBS in the year 2021. The students were sensitized to the technique and were given a practice session. On a pre-informed date, an assessment of a topic taught to them was done using concept mapping and a multiple-choice question (MCQ) based test. Feedback on the technique was taken from the students. The statistical tests used were test of normality – Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, significance of association - Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, correlation - Spearman’s correlation, and agreement - Bland Altman Analysis. The discrimination index was calculated for both concept mapping and MCQ based tests, separately. Percentages were calculated for feedback questionnaire items. The data were analysed using Microsoft Excel (2019) and an online calculator. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: Students scored more in concept mapping. There was a significant difference in the scores of the students on the two tests (Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, Z=-2.66, P=0.008) and a weakly positive non-significant correlation between them (Spearman’s correlation coefficient, rs=0.07, P=0.60). Bland Altman’s Analysis showed agreement in the scores of the students in the two tests. The mean score of the students in the two tests increased, so did the difference in the scores in the two tests. The discrimination index of concept mapping (0.28) was higher than that of the MCQ based test (0.18). Most of the students agreed on the advantages of concept mapping in the feedback.Conclusion: The assessment result of concept mapping is better than that of MCQ-based test and it may be included as a teaching learning and assessment strategy in the context of Indian medical education in the subject of Physiology.

Teaching Medical Professionalism with a Scenario-based Approach Using Role-Playing and Reflection: A Step towards Promoting Integration of Theory and Practice

ELAHEH MIANEHSAZ; ALI SABER; SEYED MOHAMMADREZA TABATABAEE; ATIYE FAGHIHI

Volume 11, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 42-49

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2022.95605.1651

Abstract

Introduction: Professionalism, as one of the core competencies of physicians, is essential for providing the patients with higher quality care. It is an abstract concept and its education ... Read More Introduction: Professionalism, as one of the core competencies of physicians, is essential for providing the patients with higher quality care. It is an abstract concept and its education and assessment need objective and operational methods. The present study aimed at teaching the concepts of professionalism based on a scenario-based approach using role-playing and reflection.Methods: This is a pre-experimental study (one-group pretest-posttest design) with a mixed method approach. The studywas conducted on 18 medical students (by voluntary sampling method) who had enrolled in the Medical Ethics Course atKashan University of Medical Sciences in 2020. Twelve scenarios were designed about the most prevalent issues of medical professionalism. In each session, one group of students played out their scenarios and then, the participants and instructors discussed their role-playing. Participants’ knowledge about professionalism was assessed at the beginning and end of each session, and they completed a satisfaction questionnaire and a reflection form. T-tests (one-sample and paired T-test) were applied for statistical analysis. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 26), and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data.Results: The mean scores of the participants’ knowledge in posttest were significantly higher than those in the pre-test (P=0.042, t=-2.074). The mean scores of the participants’ role-playing quality (P<0.001) and satisfaction (P=0.001) were significantly higher than their corresponding test values. Qualitative analysis of the participants’ reflections revealed their satisfaction with the study intervention.Conclusion: The scenarios, role-playing, and reflection could provide an opportunity for operationalizing the conceptsof professionalism and deep learning of students. Medical instructors need to improve their knowledge and skills of using active methods in teaching professionalism to medical students.

Comparison of Gamification, Game-Based Learning, and Serious Games in Medical Education: A Scientometrics Analysis

MOHADESEH ZOHARI; NEDA KARIM; SHIVA MALGARD; MARYAM AALAA; SHADI ASADZANDI; SHARAREH BORHANI

Volume 11, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 50-60

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2022.94787.1608

Abstract

Introduction: Game in education aims to enhance human motivation and performance in a given activity. Gamificationexperts and health researchers are still unsure about the status of ... Read More

Change Management in Medical Contexts, especially in Medical Education: A Systematized Review

ELHAM KARIMI; ZOHREH SOHRABI; MARYAM AALAA

Volume 10, Issue 4 , October 2022, , Pages 219-227

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2022.96519.1704

Abstract

Introduction: Change is a multifaceted and challenging process. Due to the growing and increasing volume of technologies and organizational processes, there is a need to adapt to these ... Read More

Volume 13 (2025)

Volume 12 (2024)

Volume 11 (2023)

Volume 10 (2022)

Volume 9 (2021)

Volume 8 (2020)

Volume 7 (2019)

Volume 6 (2018)

Volume 5 (2017)

Volume 4 (2016)

Volume 3 (2015)

Volume 2 (2014)

Volume 1 (2013)

Keywords = Medical education

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