Journal of Advances in Medical Education & Professionalism

Original Article

A new method of recording attendance improves the academic performance of medical students

HIMEL MONDAL; KOUSHIK SAHA; SHAIKAT MONDAL; PIYALI SAHA; SAIRAVI KIRAN BIRI

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 55-60

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2020.81723.1029

Abstract

Introduction: Students’ engagement during the collection of attendance (SEdCA) is a method where students write the answer to a question related to the topic of preceding ... Read More

Original Article

A novel model of clinical reasoning: Cognitive zipper model

SHAHRAM YAZDANI; MARYAM HOSEINI ABARDEH

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 61-71

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2020.82230.1050

Abstract

Introduction: Clinical reasoning is a vital aspect of physician competence. It has been the subject of academic research for decades, and various models of clinical reasoning ... Read More Introduction: Clinical reasoning is a vital aspect of physician competence. It has been the subject of academic research for decades, and various models of clinical reasoning have been proposed. The aim of the present study was to develop a theoretical model of clinical reasoning.Methods: To conduct our study, we applied the process of theory synthesis in accordance with the Walker and Avant’s approach. First, we considered clinical reasoning as a focal concept of our study. Second, a search was carried out for the period 1984–2018, using the PubMed, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, ERIC, ScienceDirect and Web of Science databases to review the literature to identify factors related to the clinical reasoning and the nature of their relationships. Third, we organized clinical reasoning into an integrated and efficient representation of the clinical reasoning.Results: According to this study clinical reasoning is the iterative process of intermediation between the recalled clinical knowledge and the patient’s represented problem in the clinicians’ activememory. We analogize the process of clinical reasoning to the process of closure of a cognitive zipper. The recalled knowledge in clinician’s memory resembles to one side of zippers teeth and the evolving representation of the patient’s problem resembles the other side of zippers teeth. So, the results of this study are presented in three models: [1] multi-layer knowledge structure model, [2] problem representation model and [3] cognitive zipper model of diagnostic reasoning. Conclusion: We propose a developmental model of clinical reasoning. Several studies have tried to present models and theories to clarify clinical reasoning, but it seems that these theories and models could only explain part of this complex process and not the whole process. Cognitive zipper model, due to its developmental structure, can illustrate the clinical reasoning process in more details than other models do.

Original Article

Barriers of critical thinking in medical students’ curriculum from the viewpoint of medical education experts: A qualitative study

AFSHINEH KASALAEI; MITRA AMINI; PARISA NABEIEI; LEILA BAZRAFKAN; HOURI MOUSAVINEZHAD

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 72-82

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2020.83053.1080

Abstract

Introduction: The widespread developments of the twentyfirst century have been accompanied by the presentation of intellectual patterns and theories and new achievements. ... Read More Introduction: The widespread developments of the twentyfirst century have been accompanied by the presentation of intellectual patterns and theories and new achievements. These new achievements emphasize the skill of thinking at high levels, especially in the educational system of universities. This skill is essential for medical students; therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the qualitative barriers of critical thinking in medical students’ curriculum.Methods: This is a qualitative study in which the content analysis method has been used. Participants of this study included 11 medical education experts and medical students (6 females and 5 males) who were selected through a semi-structured interview and purposeful sampling. The data analysis method was conventional content analysis. In the next part, by more investigation of the data, various obtained concepts will be presented in the form of themes, categories, and subcategories.Results: We obtained two themes (socio-cultural conditions and traditional and unchanging system of education), eight categories and 14 subcategories.Also, these categories were resistance to critical society, intellectual tension, personality characteristics, lack of understanding of society’s need for criticism, the rule of traditional teaching pattern, lack of critical thinking skills, ineffective evaluation, and difficulty of critical thinking training. Conclusion: Given the results and the main emphasis of curriculum planners on incorporating high-level critical thinking and revision skills into the curriculum, the country’s academic education system requires a change in the thinking style, research, deepening critical thinking, and a change in teachers’attitudes toward curriculum designing (goals, content, teaching and evaluation methods); also, it is suggested that the authorities should pay attention to the need to develop and utilize critical thinking skills in the learners’ education.

Original Article

Academic procrastination of medical students: The role of Internet addiction

ALI ASGHAR HAYAT; JAVAD KOJURI; MITRA AMINI

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 83-89

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2020.85000.1159

Abstract

Introduction: The internet is an essential and widely used tool for college students; however, high internet dependency can have negative consequences for students, especially ... Read More Introduction: The internet is an essential and widely used tool for college students; however, high internet dependency can have negative consequences for students, especially regarding academiccareers. Such students may tend to postpone their academic tasks. Hence, the current study examines the effect of Internet addiction on academic procrastination among medical students.Methods: We applied a cross-sectional correlational research design. 233 medical students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were selected through convenience sampling and participated in this study. To collect the data, we used two valid and reliable questionnaires. The first was Young’s Internet addiction questionnaire (IAT-20), which consists of 20 items based on a 5-point Likert-type scale. The second was Solomon and Rothblum academic procrastination questionnaire, whichconsists of 18 items based on a 5 point Likert-type scale. We used Pearson correlation, independent T-test, and One-Way ANOVA to analyze the data in SPSS version 22, and considered a significancelevel of p <0.05. Results: Results showed that 57.1% of the respondents were females, and the remaining were males. Findings indicated that 8 (3.43%) of the participants were classiﬁed as severe internetaddicted, and 28.85% of them had a high level of academic procrastination. The results indicated that there was a positive and significant correlation between Internet addiction and academic procrastination (r=0.39, with p <0.01). Also, there was a positive correlation between academic procrastination dimensions (writing a term paper, studying for an exam, keeping up with weekly reading assignments, performing administrative tasks, attending meetings and performing academic tasks in general) and Internet addiction (r=0.22, r=0.32, r=0.21, r=0.29, r=0.33, and r=0.23, respectively, with p <0.01). Finally, the results revealed that male students and those living in the dormitory had a higher level of Internet addiction and procrastination compared to female onesand those living at home (p <0.01). Conclusion: The findings of the current research reveal that a considerable number of students have levels of Internet addiction and procrastination; the study highlights that students with high levels of Internet addiction are more likely to be at an increased risk of negative outcomes such as insufﬁciently controlled Internet use.

Original Article

Motivating medical students for social accountability in medical schools

MAHBOOBEH MOHAMMADI; MEHDI BAGHERI; PARIVASH JAFARI; LEILA BAZRAFKAN

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 90-99

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2020.84117.1128

Abstract

Introduction: As health professionals, physicians are accountable for their professional practice. The aim of this study was to explain the medical students’ motivation ... Read More

Brief report

Do medical interns publish findings of compulsory audit or research projects? Five-year experience from a single centre in New Zealand

YASSAR ALAMRI; KHALID ALSAHLI; JENNY BUTLER; TOM CAWOOD

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 100-104

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2019.81894.1040

Abstract

Introduction: There is a paucity of literature on research output of Australasian interns. We have previously shown great interest among interns rotating in our department ... Read More

Letter to Editor

Being a departmental head – what does it mean? Emphasizing the salience and shades in medical academia

S.S.S.N RAJASEKHAR; DINESH KUMAR. V

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 105-106

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2019.81476.1009

Abstract

Dear Editor, When an academician or clinician assumes the chair of department, multiple responsibilities dawn upon the chair that requires appropriate analysis and effective decision-making ... Read More

Letter to Editor

Too much but less effective: Managing the cognitive load while designing the distanced learning instructional formats

DINESH KUMAR. V; S.S.S.N RAJASEKHAR

Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2020, Pages 107-108

https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2020.85990.1208

Abstract

In the light of educational disruptions due to COVID-19 outbreak, most, if not all institutions have adopted distanced online based learning methodologies. But, most educators seem ... Read More

Journal of Advances in Medical Education & Professionalism

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Volume & Issue: Volume 8, Issue 2, April 2020, Pages 55-106

A new method of recording attendance improves the academic performance of medical students

Abstract

A novel model of clinical reasoning: Cognitive zipper model

Abstract

Barriers of critical thinking in medical students’ curriculum from the viewpoint of medical education experts: A qualitative study

Abstract

Academic procrastination of medical students: The role of Internet addiction

Abstract

Motivating medical students for social accountability in medical schools

Abstract

Do medical interns publish findings of compulsory audit or research projects? Five-year experience from a single centre in New Zealand

Abstract

Being a departmental head – what does it mean? Emphasizing the salience and shades in medical academia

Abstract

Too much but less effective: Managing the cognitive load while designing the distanced learning instructional formats

Abstract