Journal of Advances in Medical Education & Professionalism

Social media and impression management: Veterinary medicine students’ and faculty members’ attitudes toward the acceptability of social media posts

APRIL A. KEDROWICZ; KENNETH ROYAL; KEVEN FLAMMER

Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2016, Pages 155-162

Abstract

Introduction: While social media has the potential to be used tomake professional and personal connections, it can also be usedinappropriately, with detrimental ramifications for the ... Read More

Linguistic adaptation and psychometric evaluation of original oral health literacy-adult questionnaire (OHL-AQ)

SHALEEN VYAS; SANDESH NAGARAJAPPA; PRALHAD L DASAR; PRASHANT MISHRA

Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2016, Pages 163-169

Abstract

Introduction: Linguistically adapted oral health literacy tools are helpfulto assess oral health literacy among local population with clarity andunderstandability. The original oral ... Read More Introduction: Linguistically adapted oral health literacy tools are helpfulto assess oral health literacy among local population with clarity andunderstandability. The original oral health literacy adult questionnaire,Oral Health Literacy Adult Questionnaire, was given in English (2013),consisting of 17 items under 4 domains. The present study rationalizes toculturally adapt and validate Oral Health Literacy Adult Questionnaireinto Hindi language. Thus, we objectified to translate Oral Health LiteracyAdult Questionnaire into Hindi and test its psychometric properties likereliability and validity among primary school teachers.Methods: The Oral Health Literacy Adult Questionnaire was translatedinto Oral Health Literacy Adult Questionnaire – Hindi Version usingthe World Health Organization recommended translation backtranslationprotocol. During pre-testing, an expert panel assessedcontent validity of the questionnaire. Face validity was assessed on asmall sample of 10 individuals. A cross-sectional study was conducted(June-July 2015) and OHL-AQ-H was administered on a convenientsample of 170 primary school teachers. Internal consistency and testretestreliability were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and Intra-classcorrelation coefficient (ICC), respectively, with 2 weeks interval toascertain adherence to the questionnaire response. Predictive validitywas tested by comparing OHL-AQ-H scores with clinical indicatorslike oral hygiene scores and dental caries scores. The concurrent anddiscriminant validity was assessed through self-reported oral healthand through negative association with sociodemographic variables.The data was analyzed by descriptive tests using chi-square andbivariate logistic regression in SPSS software, version 20 and p<0.05was considered as the significance level.Results: The mean OHL-AQ-H score was 13.58±2.82. ICC andCronbach’s alpha for Oral Health Literacy Adult Questionnaire – HindiVersion were 0.94 and 0.70, respectively. Comparisons of varyinglevels of oral health literacy with self-reported oral health establishedsignificant concurrent validity (p=0.01). Significant predictive validitywas observed between OHL-AQ-H scores and clinical parameters likeoral hygiene status (p=0.005) and dentition status (p=0.001).Conclusion: The translated and culturally adapted Oral Health LiteracyAdult Questionnaire – Hindi Version indicated good reliability andvalidity among primary school teachers to assess oral health literacyamong Hindi speaking population. Hence, improving OHL levels andimplementing education oriented policies can improve the quality of life.Keywords: Oral health; Health literacy; Validation studies; Reproducibility of results; Translating

Effective teaching methods in higher education: requirements and barriers

NAHID SHIRANI BIDABADI; AHMMADREZA NASR ISFAHANI; AMIR ROUHOLLAHI; ROYA KHALILI

Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2016, Pages 170-178

Abstract

Introduction: Teaching is one of the main components in educationalplanning which is a key factor in conducting educational plans. Despitethe importance of good teaching, the outcomes ... Read More Introduction: Teaching is one of the main components in educationalplanning which is a key factor in conducting educational plans. Despitethe importance of good teaching, the outcomes are far from ideal. Thepresent qualitative study aimed to investigate effective teaching in highereducation in Iran based on the experiences of best professors in thecountry and the best local professors of Isfahan University of Technology.Methods: This qualitative content analysis study was conductedthrough purposeful sampling. Semi-structured interviews wereconducted with ten faculty members (3 of them from the bestprofessors in the country and 7 from the best local professors).Content analysis was performed by MAXQDA software. The codes,categories and themes were explored through an inductive processthat began from semantic units or direct quotations to general themes.Results: According to the results of this study, the best teachingapproach is the mixed method (student-centered together withteacher-centered) plus educational planning and previous readiness.But whenever the teachers can teach using this method confront withsome barriers and requirements; some of these requirements areprerequisite in professors’ behavior and some of these are prerequisitein professors’ outlook. Also, there are some major barriers, some ofwhich are associated with the professors’ operation and others arerelated to laws and regulations. Implications of these findings forteachers’ preparation in education are discussed.Conclusion: In the present study, it was illustrated that a goodteaching method helps the students to question their preconceptions,and motivates them to learn, by putting them in a situation in whichthey come to see themselves as the authors of answers, as the agentsof responsibility for change. But training through this method hassome barriers and requirements. To have an effective teaching; thefaculty members of the universities should be awarded of thesebarriers and requirements as a way to improve teaching quality.The nationally and locally recognized professors are good leaders inproviding ideas, insight, and the best strategies to educators who arepassionate for effective teaching in the higher education. Finally, itis supposed that there is an important role for nationally and locallyrecognized professors in higher education to become more involvedin the regulation of teaching rules.Keywords: Teaching; Higher education; Requirements; Barriers; Qualitative research

Designing a model for critical thinking development in AJA University of Medical Sciences

MAHYAR MAFAKHERI LALEH; MOJGAN MOHAMMADIMEHR; SANAZ ZARGAR BALAYE JAME

Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2016, Pages 179-187

Abstract

Introduction: In the new concept of medical education, creativitydevelopment is an important goal. The aim of this research wastoidentify a model for developing critical thinking among ... Read More Introduction: In the new concept of medical education, creativitydevelopment is an important goal. The aim of this research wastoidentify a model for developing critical thinking among studentswith the special focus on learning environment and learning style.Methods: This applied and cross-sectional study was conductedamong all students studying in undergraduate and professionaldoctorate programs in Fall Semester 2013-2014 in AJA Universityof Medical Sciences (N=777). The sample consisted of 257students selected based on the proportional stratified randomsampling method. To collect data, three questionnaires includingCritical Thinking, Perception of Learning Environment andLearning Style were employed. The data were analyzed usingPearson’s correlation statistical test, and one-sample t-test. TheStructural Equation Model (SEM) was used to test the researchmodel. SPSS software, version 14 and the LISREL software wereused for data analysis.Results: The results showed that students had significantlyassessed the teaching-learning environment and two componentsof “perception of teachers” and “perception of emotionalpsychologicalclimate” at the desirable level (p<0.05). Alsolearning style and two components of “the study method” and“motivation for studying” were considered significantly desirable(p<0.05). The level of critical thinking among students in termsof components of “commitment”, “creativity” and “cognitivematurity” was at the relatively desirable level (p<0.05). Inaddition, perception of the learning environment can impact thecritical thinking through learning style.Conclusion: One of the factors which can significantly impact thequality improvement of the teaching and learning process in AJAUniversity of Medical Sciences is to develop critical thinkingamong learners. This issue requires providing the proper situationfor teaching and learning critical thinking in the educationalenvironment.Keywords: Critical thinking; Learning; Teaching; Teaching environment; Learning environment

Reflection on the future of medical care: Challenges of social accountability from the viewpoints of care providers and patients

MASUMEH SANAII; LEILI MOSALANEJAD; SAIDEH RAHMANIAN; ALIREZA SAHRAIEYAN; ALI DEHGHANI

Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2016, Pages 188-194

Abstract

Introduction: Clearly, there are some challenges and difficultiesin fulfilling social accountability which should be identified anddealt with in order to reach the ultimate goal. The ... Read More

Evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of community-based education from the viewpoint of students

SEDIGHEH MOKHTARPOUR; MITRA AMINI; HOURI MOUSAVINEZHAD; ALIREZA CHOOBINEH; PARISA NABEIEI

Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2016, Pages 195-201

Abstract

Introduction: Responsive medicine is an appropriate trainingmethod which trains the graduates who can act effectively ininitial and secondary aspects of health issues in the society.Methods: ... Read More Introduction: Responsive medicine is an appropriate trainingmethod which trains the graduates who can act effectively ininitial and secondary aspects of health issues in the society.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic studywhich was done using quantitative method. The target populationof this study was all the students of the Nutrition and HealthSchool of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The sample wasrandomly selected in this study and 75 students were selected basedon the methodologist’s comments and similar studies and randomnumbertable from a list obtained from the school’s departmentof education. This questionnaire was a researcher-made onewhich consisted of 23 questions in 2 sections with 21 closedendedquestions and 2 open-ended questions; 70 questionnaireswere completed correctly. The closed-ended questions had 4aspects (completely agree to completely disagree) answered in5-point Likert scale type. Its face validity was confirmed by 4faculty members. The construct validity of the questionnaire wasanalyzed by factor analysis test and its reliability was assessed bya pilot on 20 students with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.85. The datawere analyzed using descriptive statistical tests (mean, standarddeviation, …) and the Pearson coefficient (p<0.001).Results: The results of this study showed that the maximum meanscore was 3.58±0.65 which was related to the context of thesecourses and the minimum mean was 2.66±1.14 which was relatedto the logbook implementation. The 2 open-ended questionsindicated that the most important strengths were the use oflogbooks as a guide and determining the minimum training; of theweaknesses was the mismatch between the theoretical educationand the practical activities. Also, developing the minimumtraining that an expert should know and using the common topicsrelated to theoretical education were the most important pointsmentioned by the respondents.Conclusion: The educational planning of the authorities for keepingthe balance of the theoretical training with the practical activitiesand giving opportunities to the trainee or intern to face diseasesand the common problems of the community seems to be necessary.Keywords: Clinical; Education; Nutrition; Health

Evaluation of medical education virtual program: P3 model

RITA REZAEE; NASRIN SHOKRPOUR; MARYAM BOROUMAND

Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2016, Pages 202-205

Abstract

Introduction: In e-learning, people get involved in a processand create the content (product) and make it available for virtuallearners. The present study was carried out in order to ... Read More

Letter to Editor

Hemoaction game: an educational step to improve hemophilia children and nurses self-efficacy

NOOASHIN BEHESHTIPOOR; SHIRIN GHANAVATI; MITRA EDRAKI; MEHRAN KARIMI; SEZANEH HAGHPANAH

Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2016, Pages 206-206

Abstract

As hemophilia is a chronic bleeding diseaseand can interfere with daily performanceof children, these children require continuoustraining to prevent bleeding and take timely action(1). ... Read More

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Volume & Issue: Volume 4, Issue 4, October 2016 (21)

Social media and impression management: Veterinary medicine students’ and faculty members’ attitudes toward the acceptability of social media posts

Abstract

Linguistic adaptation and psychometric evaluation of original oral health literacy-adult questionnaire (OHL-AQ)

Abstract

Effective teaching methods in higher education: requirements and barriers

Abstract

Designing a model for critical thinking development in AJA University of Medical Sciences

Abstract

Reflection on the future of medical care: Challenges of social accountability from the viewpoints of care providers and patients

Abstract

Evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of community-based education from the viewpoint of students

Abstract

Evaluation of medical education virtual program: P3 model

Abstract

Hemoaction game: an educational step to improve hemophilia children and nurses self-efficacy

Abstract